java.lang.Objectjava.lang.SecurityManager
Direct Known Subclasses:
RMISecurityManager, JceSecurityManager
The SecurityManager
class contains many methods with
names that begin with the word check
. These methods
are called by various methods in the Java libraries before those
methods perform certain potentially sensitive operations. The
invocation of such a check
method typically looks like this:
SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager(); if (security != null) { security.checkXXX(argument, . . . ); }
The security manager is thereby given an opportunity to prevent
completion of the operation by throwing an exception. A security
manager routine simply returns if the operation is permitted, but
throws a SecurityException
if the operation is not
permitted. The only exception to this convention is
checkTopLevelWindow
, which returns a
boolean
value.
The current security manager is set by the
setSecurityManager
method in class
System
. The current security manager is obtained
by the getSecurityManager
method.
The special method SecurityManager#checkPermission(java.security.Permission) determines whether an access request indicated by a specified permission should be granted or denied. The default implementation calls
AccessController.checkPermission(perm);
If a requested access is allowed,
checkPermission
returns quietly. If denied, a
SecurityException
is thrown.
As of Java 2 SDK v1.2, the default implementation of each of the other
check
methods in SecurityManager
is to
call the SecurityManager checkPermission
method
to determine if the calling thread has permission to perform the requested
operation.
Note that the checkPermission
method with
just a single permission argument always performs security checks
within the context of the currently executing thread.
Sometimes a security check that should be made within a given context
will actually need to be done from within a
different context (for example, from within a worker thread).
The getSecurityContext method
and the checkPermission
method that includes a context argument are provided
for this situation. The
getSecurityContext
method returns a "snapshot"
of the current calling context. (The default implementation
returns an AccessControlContext object.) A sample call is
the following:
Object context = null; SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); if (sm != null) context = sm.getSecurityContext();
The checkPermission
method
that takes a context object in addition to a permission
makes access decisions based on that context,
rather than on that of the current execution thread.
Code within a different context can thus call that method,
passing the permission and the
previously-saved context object. A sample call, using the
SecurityManager sm
obtained as in the previous example,
is the following:
if (sm != null) sm.checkPermission(permission, context);
Permissions fall into these categories: File, Socket, Net,
Security, Runtime, Property, AWT, Reflect, and Serializable.
The classes managing these various
permission categories are java.io.FilePermission
,
java.net.SocketPermission
,
java.net.NetPermission
,
java.security.SecurityPermission
,
java.lang.RuntimePermission
,
java.util.PropertyPermission
,
java.awt.AWTPermission
,
java.lang.reflect.ReflectPermission
, and
java.io.SerializablePermission
.
All but the first two (FilePermission and SocketPermission) are
subclasses of java.security.BasicPermission
, which itself
is an abstract subclass of the
top-level class for permissions, which is
java.security.Permission
. BasicPermission defines the
functionality needed for all permissions that contain a name
that follows the hierarchical property naming convention
(for example, "exitVM", "setFactory", "queuePrintJob", etc).
An asterisk
may appear at the end of the name, following a ".", or by itself, to
signify a wildcard match. For example: "a.*" or "*" is valid,
"*a" or "a*b" is not valid.
FilePermission and SocketPermission are subclasses of the
top-level class for permissions
(java.security.Permission
). Classes like these
that have a more complicated name syntax than that used by
BasicPermission subclass directly from Permission rather than from
BasicPermission. For example,
for a java.io.FilePermission
object, the permission name is
the path name of a file (or directory).
Some of the permission classes have an "actions" list that tells
the actions that are permitted for the object. For example,
for a java.io.FilePermission
object, the actions list
(such as "read, write") specifies which actions are granted for the
specified file (or for files in the specified directory).
Other permission classes are for "named" permissions - ones that contain a name but no actions list; you either have the named permission or you don't.
Note: There is also a java.security.AllPermission
permission that implies all permissions. It exists to simplify the work
of system administrators who might need to perform multiple
tasks that require all (or numerous) permissions.
See
Permissions in the JDK for permission-related information.
This document includes, for example, a table listing the various SecurityManager
check
methods and the permission(s) the default
implementation of each such method requires.
It also contains a table of all the version 1.2 methods
that require permissions, and for each such method tells
which permission it requires.
For more information about SecurityManager
changes made in
the JDK and advice regarding porting of 1.1-style security managers,
see the security documentation.
Arthur
- van HoffRoland
- SchemersJDK1.0
- Field Summary | ||
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protected boolean | inCheck | This field is true if there is a security check in
progress; false otherwise. |
Constructor: |
---|
SecurityManager .
If there is a security manager already installed, this method first
calls the security manager's
|
Methods from java.lang.Object: |
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clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
Method from java.lang.SecurityManager Detail: |
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SecurityException if the
calling thread is not permitted to accept a socket connection from
the specified host and port number.
This method is invoked for the current security manager by the
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to modify the thread argument.
This method is invoked for the current security manager by the
If the thread argument is a system thread (belongs to
the thread group with a
Applications that want a stricter policy should override this
method. If this method is overridden, the method that overrides
it should additionally check to see if the calling thread has the
If this method is overridden, then
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to modify the thread group argument.
This method is invoked for the current security manager when a
new child thread or child thread group is created, and by the
If the thread group argument is the system thread group (
has a
Applications that want a stricter policy should override this
method. If this method is overridden, the method that overrides
it should additionally check to see if the calling thread has the
If this method is overridden, then
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to access the AWT event queue.
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to open a socket connection to the
specified host and port number.
A port number of
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
specified security context is not allowed to open a socket
connection to the specified host and port number.
A port number of If
Otherwise, the port number is checked. If it is not equal
to -1, the
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to create a new class loader.
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to delete the specified file.
This method is invoked for the current security manager by the
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to create a subprocess.
This method is invoked for the current security manager by the
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to cause the Java Virtual Machine to
halt with the specified status code.
This method is invoked for the current security manager by the
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to dynamic link the library code
specified by the string argument file. The argument is either a
simple library name or a complete filename.
This method is invoked for the current security manager by
methods
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to wait for a connection request on
the specified local port number.
If port is not 0, this method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to access members.
The default policy is to allow access to PUBLIC members, as well
as access to classes that have the same class loader as the caller.
In all other cases, this method calls
If this method is overridden, then a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to use
(join/leave/send/receive) IP multicast.
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
Deprecated! Use - #checkPermission(java.security.Permission) instead
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to use
(join/leave/send/receive) IP multicast.
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to access the package specified by
the argument.
This method is used by the
This method first gets a list of
restricted packages by obtaining a comma-separated list from
a call to
If this method is overridden, then
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to define classes in the package
specified by the argument.
This method is used by the
This method first gets a list of restricted packages by
obtaining a comma-separated list from a call to
If this method is overridden, then
|
SecurityException if the requested
access, specified by the given permission, is not permitted based
on the security policy currently in effect.
This method calls |
SecurityException if the
specified security context is denied access to the resource
specified by the given permission.
The context must be a security
context returned by a previous call to
getSecurityContext and the access control
decision is based upon the configured security policy for
that security context.
If
If |
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to initiate a print job request.
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to access or modify the system
properties.
This method is used by the
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to access the system property with
the specified key name.
This method is used by the
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to read from the specified file
descriptor.
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to read the file specified by the
string argument.
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
specified security context is not allowed to read the file
specified by the string argument. The context must be a security
context returned by a previous call to
getSecurityContext .
If If
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
If the requested permission is allowed, this method returns quietly. If denied, a SecurityException is raised. This method creates a See the documentation for
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to set the socket factory used by
ServerSocket or Socket , or the stream
handler factory used by URL .
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to access the system clipboard.
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
false if the calling
thread is not trusted to bring up the top-level window indicated
by the window argument. In this case, the caller can
still decide to show the window, but the window should include
some sort of visual warning. If the method returns
true , then the window can be shown without any
special restrictions.
See class
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to write to the specified file
descriptor.
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
SecurityException if the
calling thread is not allowed to write to the file specified by
the string argument.
This method calls
If you override this method, then you should make a call to
|
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Deprecated! This - type of security checking is not recommended.
It is recommended that the checkPermission
call be used instead.
This method will return -1 in the following three cases:
|
Deprecated! This - type of security checking is not recommended.
It is recommended that the checkPermission
call be used instead.
This method will return
|
Deprecated! This - type of security checking is not recommended.
It is recommended that the checkPermission
call be used instead.
This method will return
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The length of the array is the number of methods on the execution
stack. The element at index |
Deprecated! This - type of security checking is not recommended.
It is recommended that the checkPermission
call be used instead.
|
checkConnect method and by the
two-argument checkRead method.
These methods are needed because a trusted method may be called
on to read a file or open a socket on behalf of another method.
The trusted method needs to determine if the other (possibly
untrusted) method would be allowed to perform the operation on its
own.
The default implementation of this method is to return
an |
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Deprecated! This - type of security checking is not recommended.
It is recommended that the checkPermission
call be used instead.
|
Deprecated! This - type of security checking is not recommended.
It is recommended that the checkPermission
call be used instead.
|