Also see:

java.lang.Character#digit(char, int)
java.lang.Character#forDigit(int, int)
java.lang.Integer#toString(int, int)
java.lang.Integer#valueOf(java.lang.String)

Also see:

java.lang.Character#digit(char, int)
java.lang.Character#forDigit(int, int)
java.lang.Integer#toString(int, int)
java.lang.Integer#valueOf(java.lang.String)

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 public Character(char value) 
{
                                                    
        this.value = value;
}

Constructs a newly allocated Character object that represents the specified char value.

Parameters:

value - the value to be represented by the Character object.

 public static int charCount(int codePoint) 
{
        return codePoint  >= MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT? 2 : 1;
}

Determines the number of char values needed to represent the specified character (Unicode code point). If the specified character is equal to or greater than 0x10000, then the method returns 2. Otherwise, the method returns 1.

This method doesn't validate the specified character to be a valid Unicode code point. The caller must validate the character value using isValidCodePoint if necessary.

 public char charValue() 
{
        return value;
}

Returns the value of this Character object.

 public static int codePointAt(CharSequence seq,
    int index) 
{
        char c1 = seq.charAt(index++);
        if (isHighSurrogate(c1)) {
            if (index <  seq.length()) {
                char c2 = seq.charAt(index);
                if (isLowSurrogate(c2)) {
                    return toCodePoint(c1, c2);
                }
            }
        }
        return c1;
}

Returns the code point at the given index of the CharSequence. If the char value at the given index in the CharSequence is in the high-surrogate range, the following index is less than the length of the CharSequence, and the char value at the following index is in the low-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, the char value at the given index is returned.

 public static int codePointAt(char[] a,
    int index) 
{
        return codePointAtImpl(a, index, a.length);
}

Returns the code point at the given index of the char array. If the char value at the given index in the char array is in the high-surrogate range, the following index is less than the length of the char array, and the char value at the following index is in the low-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, the char value at the given index is returned.

 public static int codePointAt(char[] a,
    int index,
    int limit) 
{
        if (index  >= limit || limit <  0 || limit  > a.length) {
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
        }
        return codePointAtImpl(a, index, limit);
}

Returns the code point at the given index of the char array, where only array elements with index less than limit can be used. If the char value at the given index in the char array is in the high-surrogate range, the following index is less than the limit, and the char value at the following index is in the low-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, the char value at the given index is returned.

 static int codePointAtImpl(char[] a,
    int index,
    int limit) 
{
        char c1 = a[index++];
        if (isHighSurrogate(c1)) {
            if (index <  limit) {
                char c2 = a[index];
                if (isLowSurrogate(c2)) {
                    return toCodePoint(c1, c2);
                }
            }
        }
        return c1;
}

 public static int codePointBefore(CharSequence seq,
    int index) 
{
        char c2 = seq.charAt(--index);
        if (isLowSurrogate(c2)) {
            if (index  > 0) {
                char c1 = seq.charAt(--index);
                if (isHighSurrogate(c1)) {
                    return toCodePoint(c1, c2);
                }
            }
        }
        return c2;
}

Returns the code point preceding the given index of the CharSequence. If the char value at (index - 1) in the CharSequence is in the low-surrogate range, (index - 2) is not negative, and the char value at (index - 2) in the CharSequence is in the high-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, the char value at (index - 1) is returned.

 public static int codePointBefore(char[] a,
    int index) 
{
        return codePointBeforeImpl(a, index, 0);
}

Returns the code point preceding the given index of the char array. If the char value at (index - 1) in the char array is in the low-surrogate range, (index - 2) is not negative, and the char value at (index - 2) in the char array is in the high-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, the char value at (index - 1) is returned.

 public static int codePointBefore(char[] a,
    int index,
    int start) 
{
        if (index < = start || start <  0 || start  >= a.length) {
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
        }
        return codePointBeforeImpl(a, index, start);
}

Returns the code point preceding the given index of the char array, where only array elements with index greater than or equal to start can be used. If the char value at (index - 1) in the char array is in the low-surrogate range, (index - 2) is not less than start, and the char value at (index - 2) in the char array is in the high-surrogate range, then the supplementary code point corresponding to this surrogate pair is returned. Otherwise, the char value at (index - 1) is returned.

 static int codePointBeforeImpl(char[] a,
    int index,
    int start) 
{
        char c2 = a[--index];
        if (isLowSurrogate(c2)) {
            if (index  > start) {
                char c1 = a[--index];
                if (isHighSurrogate(c1)) {
                    return toCodePoint(c1, c2);
                }
            }
        }
        return c2;
}

 public static int codePointCount(CharSequence seq,
    int beginIndex,
    int endIndex) 
{
        int length = seq.length();
        if (beginIndex <  0 || endIndex  > length || beginIndex  > endIndex) {
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
        }
        int n = 0;
        for (int i = beginIndex; i <  endIndex; ) {
            n++;
            if (isHighSurrogate(seq.charAt(i++))) {
                if (i <  endIndex && isLowSurrogate(seq.charAt(i))) {
                    i++;
                }
            }
        }
        return n;
}

Returns the number of Unicode code points in the text range of the specified char sequence. The text range begins at the specified beginIndex and extends to the char at index endIndex - 1. Thus the length (in chars) of the text range is endIndex-beginIndex. Unpaired surrogates within the text range count as one code point each.

 public static int codePointCount(char[] a,
    int offset,
    int count) 
{
        if (count  > a.length - offset || offset <  0 || count <  0) {
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
        }
        return codePointCountImpl(a, offset, count);
}

Returns the number of Unicode code points in a subarray of the char array argument. The offset argument is the index of the first char of the subarray and the count argument specifies the length of the subarray in chars. Unpaired surrogates within the subarray count as one code point each.

 static int codePointCountImpl(char[] a,
    int offset,
    int count) 
{
        int endIndex = offset + count;
        int n = 0;
        for (int i = offset; i <  endIndex; ) {
            n++;
            if (isHighSurrogate(a[i++])) {
                if (i <  endIndex && isLowSurrogate(a[i])) {
                    i++;
                }
            }
        }
        return n;
}

 public int compareTo(Character anotherCharacter) 
{
        return this.value - anotherCharacter.value;
}

Compares two Character objects numerically.

 public static int digit(char ch,
    int radix) 
{
        return digit((int)ch, radix);
}

Returns the numeric value of the character ch in the specified radix.

If the radix is not in the range MIN_RADIX <= radix <= MAX_RADIX or if the value of ch is not a valid digit in the specified radix, -1 is returned. A character is a valid digit if at least one of the following is true:

• The method isDigit is true of the character and the Unicode decimal digit value of the character (or its single-character decomposition) is less than the specified radix. In this case the decimal digit value is returned.
• The character is one of the uppercase Latin letters 'A' through 'Z' and its code is less than radix + 'A' - 10. In this case, ch - 'A' + 10 is returned.
• The character is one of the lowercase Latin letters 'a' through 'z' and its code is less than radix + 'a' - 10. In this case, ch - 'a' + 10 is returned.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #digit(int, int) method.

 public static int digit(int codePoint,
    int radix) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).digit(codePoint, radix);
}

Returns the numeric value of the specified character (Unicode code point) in the specified radix.

If the radix is not in the range MIN_RADIX <= radix <= MAX_RADIX or if the character is not a valid digit in the specified radix, -1 is returned. A character is a valid digit if at least one of the following is true:

• The method isDigit(codePoint) is true of the character and the Unicode decimal digit value of the character (or its single-character decomposition) is less than the specified radix. In this case the decimal digit value is returned.
• The character is one of the uppercase Latin letters 'A' through 'Z' and its code is less than radix + 'A' - 10. In this case, ch - 'A' + 10 is returned.
• The character is one of the lowercase Latin letters 'a' through 'z' and its code is less than radix + 'a' - 10. In this case, ch - 'a' + 10 is returned.

 public boolean equals(Object obj) 
{
        if (obj instanceof Character) {
            return value == ((Character)obj).charValue();
        }
        return false;
}

Compares this object against the specified object. The result is true if and only if the argument is not null and is a Character object that represents the same char value as this object.

 public static char forDigit(int digit,
    int radix) 
{
        if ((digit  >= radix) || (digit <  0)) {
            return '\0";
        }
        if ((radix <  Character.MIN_RADIX) || (radix  > Character.MAX_RADIX)) {
            return '\0";
        }
        if (digit <  10) {
            return (char)('0" + digit);
        }
        return (char)('a" - 10 + digit);
}

Determines the character representation for a specific digit in the specified radix. If the value of radix is not a valid radix, or the value of digit is not a valid digit in the specified radix, the null character ('\u0000') is returned.

The radix argument is valid if it is greater than or equal to MIN_RADIX and less than or equal to MAX_RADIX. The digit argument is valid if 0 <=digit < radix.

If the digit is less than 10, then '0' + digit is returned. Otherwise, the value 'a' + digit - 10 is returned.

 public static byte getDirectionality(char ch) 
{
        return getDirectionality((int)ch);
}

Returns the Unicode directionality property for the given character. Character directionality is used to calculate the visual ordering of text. The directionality value of undefined char values is DIRECTIONALITY_UNDEFINED.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #getDirectionality(int) method.

 public static byte getDirectionality(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).getDirectionality(codePoint);
}

Returns the Unicode directionality property for the given character (Unicode code point). Character directionality is used to calculate the visual ordering of text. The directionality value of undefined character is #DIRECTIONALITY_UNDEFINED .

 public static int getNumericValue(char ch) 
{
        return getNumericValue((int)ch);
}

Returns the int value that the specified Unicode character represents. For example, the character '\u216C' (the roman numeral fifty) will return an int with a value of 50.

The letters A-Z in their uppercase ('\u0041' through '\u005A'), lowercase ('\u0061' through '\u007A'), and full width variant ('\uFF21' through '\uFF3A' and '\uFF41' through '\uFF5A') forms have numeric values from 10 through 35. This is independent of the Unicode specification, which does not assign numeric values to these char values.

If the character does not have a numeric value, then -1 is returned. If the character has a numeric value that cannot be represented as a nonnegative integer (for example, a fractional value), then -2 is returned.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #getNumericValue(int) method.

 public static int getNumericValue(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).getNumericValue(codePoint);
}

Returns the int value that the specified character (Unicode code point) represents. For example, the character '\u216C' (the Roman numeral fifty) will return an int with a value of 50.

The letters A-Z in their uppercase ('\u0041' through '\u005A'), lowercase ('\u0061' through '\u007A'), and full width variant ('\uFF21' through '\uFF3A' and '\uFF41' through '\uFF5A') forms have numeric values from 10 through 35. This is independent of the Unicode specification, which does not assign numeric values to these char values.

If the character does not have a numeric value, then -1 is returned. If the character has a numeric value that cannot be represented as a nonnegative integer (for example, a fractional value), then -2 is returned.

 public static int getType(char ch) 
{
        return getType((int)ch);
}

Returns a value indicating a character's general category.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #getType(int) method.

 public static int getType(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).getType(codePoint);
}

Returns a value indicating a character's general category.

 public int hashCode() 
{
        return (int)value;
}

Returns a hash code for this Character.

 public static boolean isDefined(char ch) 
{
        return isDefined((int)ch);
}

Determines if a character is defined in Unicode.

A character is defined if at least one of the following is true:

• It has an entry in the UnicodeData file.
• It has a value in a range defined by the UnicodeData file.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isDefined(int) method.

 public static boolean isDefined(int codePoint) 
{
        return getType(codePoint) != Character.UNASSIGNED;
}

Determines if a character (Unicode code point) is defined in Unicode.

A character is defined if at least one of the following is true:

• It has an entry in the UnicodeData file.
• It has a value in a range defined by the UnicodeData file.

 public static boolean isDigit(char ch) 
{
        return isDigit((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character is a digit.

A character is a digit if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), is DECIMAL_DIGIT_NUMBER.

Some Unicode character ranges that contain digits:

• '\u0030' through '\u0039', ISO-LATIN-1 digits ('0' through '9')
• '\u0660' through '\u0669', Arabic-Indic digits
• '\u06F0' through '\u06F9', Extended Arabic-Indic digits
• '\u0966' through '\u096F', Devanagari digits
• '\uFF10' through '\uFF19', Fullwidth digits
Many other character ranges contain digits as well.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isDigit(int) method.

 public static boolean isDigit(int codePoint) 
{
        return getType(codePoint) == Character.DECIMAL_DIGIT_NUMBER;
}

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a digit.

A character is a digit if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint) , is DECIMAL_DIGIT_NUMBER.

Some Unicode character ranges that contain digits:

• '\u0030' through '\u0039', ISO-LATIN-1 digits ('0' through '9')
• '\u0660' through '\u0669', Arabic-Indic digits
• '\u06F0' through '\u06F9', Extended Arabic-Indic digits
• '\u0966' through '\u096F', Devanagari digits
• '\uFF10' through '\uFF19', Fullwidth digits
Many other character ranges contain digits as well.

 public static boolean isHighSurrogate(char ch) 
{
        return ch  >= MIN_HIGH_SURROGATE && ch < = MAX_HIGH_SURROGATE;
}

Determines if the given char value is a high-surrogate code unit (also known as leading-surrogate code unit). Such values do not represent characters by themselves, but are used in the representation of supplementary characters in the UTF-16 encoding.

This method returns true if and only if

ch >= '\uD800' && ch <= '\uDBFF'

is true.

 public static boolean isISOControl(char ch) 
{
        return isISOControl((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character is an ISO control character. A character is considered to be an ISO control character if its code is in the range '\u0000' through '\u001F' or in the range '\u007F' through '\u009F'.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isISOControl(int) method.

 public static boolean isISOControl(int codePoint) 
{
        return (codePoint  >= 0x0000 && codePoint < = 0x001F) ||
            (codePoint  >= 0x007F && codePoint < = 0x009F);
}

Determines if the referenced character (Unicode code point) is an ISO control character. A character is considered to be an ISO control character if its code is in the range '\u0000' through '\u001F' or in the range '\u007F' through '\u009F'.

 public static boolean isIdentifierIgnorable(char ch) 
{
        return isIdentifierIgnorable((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character should be regarded as an ignorable character in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier.

The following Unicode characters are ignorable in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier:

• ISO control characters that are not whitespace
  • '\u0000' through '\u0008'
  • '\u000E' through '\u001B'
  • '\u007F' through '\u009F'
• all characters that have the FORMAT general category value

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isIdentifierIgnorable(int) method.

 public static boolean isIdentifierIgnorable(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).isIdentifierIgnorable(codePoint);
}

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) should be regarded as an ignorable character in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier.

The following Unicode characters are ignorable in a Java identifier or a Unicode identifier:

• ISO control characters that are not whitespace
  • '\u0000' through '\u0008'
  • '\u000E' through '\u001B'
  • '\u007F' through '\u009F'
• all characters that have the FORMAT general category value

 public static boolean isJavaIdentifierPart(char ch) 
{
        return isJavaIdentifierPart((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character may be part of a Java identifier as other than the first character.

A character may be part of a Java identifier if any of the following are true:

• it is a letter
• it is a currency symbol (such as '$')
• it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
• it is a digit
• it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
• it is a combining mark
• it is a non-spacing mark
• isIdentifierIgnorable returns true for the character

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isJavaIdentifierPart(int) method.

 public static boolean isJavaIdentifierPart(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).isJavaIdentifierPart(codePoint);
}

Determines if the character (Unicode code point) may be part of a Java identifier as other than the first character.

A character may be part of a Java identifier if any of the following are true:

• it is a letter
• it is a currency symbol (such as '$')
• it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
• it is a digit
• it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
• it is a combining mark
• it is a non-spacing mark
• isIdentifierIgnorable(codePoint) returns true for the character

 public static boolean isJavaIdentifierStart(char ch) 
{
        return isJavaIdentifierStart((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character is permissible as the first character in a Java identifier.

A character may start a Java identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true:

• isLetter(ch) returns true
• getType(ch) returns LETTER_NUMBER
• ch is a currency symbol (such as "$")
• ch is a connecting punctuation character (such as "_").

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isJavaIdentifierStart(int) method.

 public static boolean isJavaIdentifierStart(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).isJavaIdentifierStart(codePoint);
}

Determines if the character (Unicode code point) is permissible as the first character in a Java identifier.

A character may start a Java identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true:

• isLetter(codePoint) returns true
• getType(codePoint) returns LETTER_NUMBER
• the referenced character is a currency symbol (such as "$")
• the referenced character is a connecting punctuation character (such as "_").

 public static boolean isJavaLetter(char ch) 
{
        return isJavaIdentifierStart(ch);
}

Determines if the specified character is permissible as the first character in a Java identifier.

A character may start a Java identifier if and only if one of the following is true:

• isLetter(ch) returns true
• getType(ch) returns LETTER_NUMBER
• ch is a currency symbol (such as "$")
• ch is a connecting punctuation character (such as "_").

 public static boolean isJavaLetterOrDigit(char ch) 
{
        return isJavaIdentifierPart(ch);
}

Determines if the specified character may be part of a Java identifier as other than the first character.

A character may be part of a Java identifier if and only if any of the following are true:

• it is a letter
• it is a currency symbol (such as '$')
• it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
• it is a digit
• it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
• it is a combining mark
• it is a non-spacing mark
• isIdentifierIgnorable returns true for the character.

 public static boolean isLetter(char ch) 
{
        return isLetter((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character is a letter.

A character is considered to be a letter if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), is any of the following:

• UPPERCASE_LETTER
• LOWERCASE_LETTER
• TITLECASE_LETTER
• MODIFIER_LETTER
• OTHER_LETTER
Not all letters have case. Many characters are letters but are neither uppercase nor lowercase nor titlecase.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isLetter(int) method.

 public static boolean isLetter(int codePoint) 
{
        return ((((1 < <  Character.UPPERCASE_LETTER) |
            (1 < <  Character.LOWERCASE_LETTER) |
            (1 < <  Character.TITLECASE_LETTER) |
            (1 < <  Character.MODIFIER_LETTER) |
            (1 < <  Character.OTHER_LETTER))  > > getType(codePoint)) & 1)
            != 0;
}

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a letter.

A character is considered to be a letter if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint) , is any of the following:

• UPPERCASE_LETTER
• LOWERCASE_LETTER
• TITLECASE_LETTER
• MODIFIER_LETTER
• OTHER_LETTER
Not all letters have case. Many characters are letters but are neither uppercase nor lowercase nor titlecase.

 public static boolean isLetterOrDigit(char ch) 
{
        return isLetterOrDigit((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character is a letter or digit.

A character is considered to be a letter or digit if either Character.isLetter(char ch) or Character.isDigit(char ch) returns true for the character.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isLetterOrDigit(int) method.

 public static boolean isLetterOrDigit(int codePoint) 
{
        return ((((1 < <  Character.UPPERCASE_LETTER) |
            (1 < <  Character.LOWERCASE_LETTER) |
            (1 < <  Character.TITLECASE_LETTER) |
            (1 < <  Character.MODIFIER_LETTER) |
            (1 < <  Character.OTHER_LETTER) |
            (1 < <  Character.DECIMAL_DIGIT_NUMBER))  > > getType(codePoint)) & 1)
            != 0;
}

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a letter or digit.

A character is considered to be a letter or digit if either isLetter(codePoint) or isDigit(codePoint) returns true for the character.

 public static boolean isLowSurrogate(char ch) 
{
        return ch  >= MIN_LOW_SURROGATE && ch < = MAX_LOW_SURROGATE;
}

Determines if the given char value is a low-surrogate code unit (also known as trailing-surrogate code unit). Such values do not represent characters by themselves, but are used in the representation of supplementary characters in the UTF-16 encoding.

This method returns true if and only if

ch >= '\uDC00' && ch <= '\uDFFF'

is true.

 public static boolean isLowerCase(char ch) 
{
        return isLowerCase((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character is a lowercase character.

A character is lowercase if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), is LOWERCASE_LETTER.

The following are examples of lowercase characters:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
'\u00DF' '\u00E0' '\u00E1' '\u00E2' '\u00E3' '\u00E4' '\u00E5' '\u00E6'
'\u00E7' '\u00E8' '\u00E9' '\u00EA' '\u00EB' '\u00EC' '\u00ED' '\u00EE'
'\u00EF' '\u00F0' '\u00F1' '\u00F2' '\u00F3' '\u00F4' '\u00F5' '\u00F6'
'\u00F8' '\u00F9' '\u00FA' '\u00FB' '\u00FC' '\u00FD' '\u00FE' '\u00FF'

Many other Unicode characters are lowercase too.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isLowerCase(int) method.

 public static boolean isLowerCase(int codePoint) 
{
        return getType(codePoint) == Character.LOWERCASE_LETTER;
}

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a lowercase character.

A character is lowercase if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint) , is LOWERCASE_LETTER.

The following are examples of lowercase characters:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
'\u00DF' '\u00E0' '\u00E1' '\u00E2' '\u00E3' '\u00E4' '\u00E5' '\u00E6'
'\u00E7' '\u00E8' '\u00E9' '\u00EA' '\u00EB' '\u00EC' '\u00ED' '\u00EE'
'\u00EF' '\u00F0' '\u00F1' '\u00F2' '\u00F3' '\u00F4' '\u00F5' '\u00F6'
'\u00F8' '\u00F9' '\u00FA' '\u00FB' '\u00FC' '\u00FD' '\u00FE' '\u00FF'

Many other Unicode characters are lowercase too.

 public static boolean isMirrored(char ch) 
{
        return isMirrored((int)ch);
}

Determines whether the character is mirrored according to the Unicode specification. Mirrored characters should have their glyphs horizontally mirrored when displayed in text that is right-to-left. For example, '\u0028' LEFT PARENTHESIS is semantically defined to be an opening parenthesis. This will appear as a "(" in text that is left-to-right but as a ")" in text that is right-to-left.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isMirrored(int) method.

 public static boolean isMirrored(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).isMirrored(codePoint);
}

Determines whether the specified character (Unicode code point) is mirrored according to the Unicode specification. Mirrored characters should have their glyphs horizontally mirrored when displayed in text that is right-to-left. For example, '\u0028' LEFT PARENTHESIS is semantically defined to be an opening parenthesis. This will appear as a "(" in text that is left-to-right but as a ")" in text that is right-to-left.

 public static boolean isSpace(char ch) 
{
        return (ch < = 0x0020) &&
            (((((1L < <  0x0009) |
            (1L < <  0x000A) |
            (1L < <  0x000C) |
            (1L < <  0x000D) |
            (1L < <  0x0020))  > > ch) & 1L) != 0);
}

Determines if the specified character is ISO-LATIN-1 white space. This method returns true for the following five characters only:

'\t'	'\u0009'	HORIZONTAL TABULATION
'\n'	'\u000A'	NEW LINE
'\f'	'\u000C'	FORM FEED
'\r'	'\u000D'	CARRIAGE RETURN
' '	'\u0020'	SPACE

 public static boolean isSpaceChar(char ch) 
{
        return isSpaceChar((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character is a Unicode space character. A character is considered to be a space character if and only if it is specified to be a space character by the Unicode standard. This method returns true if the character's general category type is any of the following:
• SPACE_SEPARATOR
• LINE_SEPARATOR
• PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isSpaceChar(int) method.

 public static boolean isSpaceChar(int codePoint) 
{
        return ((((1 < <  Character.SPACE_SEPARATOR) |
                  (1 < <  Character.LINE_SEPARATOR) |
                  (1 < <  Character.PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR))  > > getType(codePoint)) & 1)
            != 0;
}

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a Unicode space character. A character is considered to be a space character if and only if it is specified to be a space character by the Unicode standard. This method returns true if the character's general category type is any of the following:
• #SPACE_SEPARATOR
• #LINE_SEPARATOR
• #PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR

 public static boolean isSupplementaryCodePoint(int codePoint) 
{
        return codePoint  >= MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT
            && codePoint < = MAX_CODE_POINT;
}

Determines whether the specified character (Unicode code point) is in the supplementary character range. The method call is equivalent to the expression:

codePoint >= 0x10000 && codePoint <= 0x10FFFF

 public static boolean isSurrogatePair(char high,
    char low) 
{
        return isHighSurrogate(high) && isLowSurrogate(low);
}

Determines whether the specified pair of char values is a valid surrogate pair. This method is equivalent to the expression:

isHighSurrogate(high) && isLowSurrogate(low)

 public static boolean isTitleCase(char ch) 
{
        return isTitleCase((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character is a titlecase character.

A character is a titlecase character if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), is TITLECASE_LETTER.

Some characters look like pairs of Latin letters. For example, there is an uppercase letter that looks like "LJ" and has a corresponding lowercase letter that looks like "lj". A third form, which looks like "Lj", is the appropriate form to use when rendering a word in lowercase with initial capitals, as for a book title.

These are some of the Unicode characters for which this method returns true:

• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH SMALL LETTER J
• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH SMALL LETTER J
• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z

Many other Unicode characters are titlecase too.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isTitleCase(int) method.

 public static boolean isTitleCase(int codePoint) 
{
        return getType(codePoint) == Character.TITLECASE_LETTER;
}

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is a titlecase character.

A character is a titlecase character if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint) , is TITLECASE_LETTER.

Some characters look like pairs of Latin letters. For example, there is an uppercase letter that looks like "LJ" and has a corresponding lowercase letter that looks like "lj". A third form, which looks like "Lj", is the appropriate form to use when rendering a word in lowercase with initial capitals, as for a book title.

These are some of the Unicode characters for which this method returns true:

• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH SMALL LETTER J
• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH SMALL LETTER J
• LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SMALL LETTER Z

Many other Unicode characters are titlecase too.

 public static boolean isUnicodeIdentifierPart(char ch) 
{
        return isUnicodeIdentifierPart((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character may be part of a Unicode identifier as other than the first character.

A character may be part of a Unicode identifier if and only if one of the following statements is true:

• it is a letter
• it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
• it is a digit
• it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
• it is a combining mark
• it is a non-spacing mark
• isIdentifierIgnorable returns true for this character.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isUnicodeIdentifierPart(int) method.

 public static boolean isUnicodeIdentifierPart(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).isUnicodeIdentifierPart(codePoint);
}

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) may be part of a Unicode identifier as other than the first character.

A character may be part of a Unicode identifier if and only if one of the following statements is true:

• it is a letter
• it is a connecting punctuation character (such as '_')
• it is a digit
• it is a numeric letter (such as a Roman numeral character)
• it is a combining mark
• it is a non-spacing mark
• isIdentifierIgnorable returns true for this character.

 public static boolean isUnicodeIdentifierStart(char ch) 
{
        return isUnicodeIdentifierStart((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character is permissible as the first character in a Unicode identifier.

A character may start a Unicode identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true:

• isLetter(ch) returns true
• getType(ch) returns LETTER_NUMBER.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isUnicodeIdentifierStart(int) method.

 public static boolean isUnicodeIdentifierStart(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).isUnicodeIdentifierStart(codePoint);
}

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is permissible as the first character in a Unicode identifier.

A character may start a Unicode identifier if and only if one of the following conditions is true:

• isLetter(codePoint) returns true
• getType(codePoint) returns LETTER_NUMBER.

 public static boolean isUpperCase(char ch) 
{
        return isUpperCase((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character is an uppercase character.

A character is uppercase if its general category type, provided by Character.getType(ch), is UPPERCASE_LETTER.

The following are examples of uppercase characters:

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
'\u00C0' '\u00C1' '\u00C2' '\u00C3' '\u00C4' '\u00C5' '\u00C6' '\u00C7'
'\u00C8' '\u00C9' '\u00CA' '\u00CB' '\u00CC' '\u00CD' '\u00CE' '\u00CF'
'\u00D0' '\u00D1' '\u00D2' '\u00D3' '\u00D4' '\u00D5' '\u00D6' '\u00D8'
'\u00D9' '\u00DA' '\u00DB' '\u00DC' '\u00DD' '\u00DE'

Many other Unicode characters are uppercase too.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isUpperCase(int) method.

 public static boolean isUpperCase(int codePoint) 
{
        return getType(codePoint) == Character.UPPERCASE_LETTER;
}

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is an uppercase character.

A character is uppercase if its general category type, provided by getType(codePoint) , is UPPERCASE_LETTER.

The following are examples of uppercase characters:

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
'\u00C0' '\u00C1' '\u00C2' '\u00C3' '\u00C4' '\u00C5' '\u00C6' '\u00C7'
'\u00C8' '\u00C9' '\u00CA' '\u00CB' '\u00CC' '\u00CD' '\u00CE' '\u00CF'
'\u00D0' '\u00D1' '\u00D2' '\u00D3' '\u00D4' '\u00D5' '\u00D6' '\u00D8'
'\u00D9' '\u00DA' '\u00DB' '\u00DC' '\u00DD' '\u00DE'

Many other Unicode characters are uppercase too.

 public static boolean isValidCodePoint(int codePoint) 
{
        return codePoint  >= MIN_CODE_POINT && codePoint < = MAX_CODE_POINT;
}

Determines whether the specified code point is a valid Unicode code point value in the range of 0x0000 to 0x10FFFF inclusive. This method is equivalent to the expression:

codePoint >= 0x0000 && codePoint <= 0x10FFFF

 public static boolean isWhitespace(char ch) 
{
        return isWhitespace((int)ch);
}

Determines if the specified character is white space according to Java. A character is a Java whitespace character if and only if it satisfies one of the following criteria:
• It is a Unicode space character (SPACE_SEPARATOR, LINE_SEPARATOR, or PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR) but is not also a non-breaking space ('\u00A0', '\u2007', '\u202F').
• It is '\u0009', HORIZONTAL TABULATION.
• It is '\u000A', LINE FEED.
• It is '\u000B', VERTICAL TABULATION.
• It is '\u000C', FORM FEED.
• It is '\u000D', CARRIAGE RETURN.
• It is '\u001C', FILE SEPARATOR.
• It is '\u001D', GROUP SEPARATOR.
• It is '\u001E', RECORD SEPARATOR.
• It is '\u001F', UNIT SEPARATOR.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #isWhitespace(int) method.

 public static boolean isWhitespace(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).isWhitespace(codePoint);
}

Determines if the specified character (Unicode code point) is white space according to Java. A character is a Java whitespace character if and only if it satisfies one of the following criteria:
• It is a Unicode space character (#SPACE_SEPARATOR , #LINE_SEPARATOR , or #PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR ) but is not also a non-breaking space ('\u00A0', '\u2007', '\u202F').
• It is '\u0009', HORIZONTAL TABULATION.
• It is '\u000A', LINE FEED.
• It is '\u000B', VERTICAL TABULATION.
• It is '\u000C', FORM FEED.
• It is '\u000D', CARRIAGE RETURN.
• It is '\u001C', FILE SEPARATOR.
• It is '\u001D', GROUP SEPARATOR.
• It is '\u001E', RECORD SEPARATOR.
• It is '\u001F', UNIT SEPARATOR.

 public static int offsetByCodePoints(CharSequence seq,
    int index,
    int codePointOffset) 
{
        int length = seq.length();
        if (index <  0 || index  > length) {
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
        }
        int x = index;
        if (codePointOffset  >= 0) {
            int i;
            for (i = 0; x <  length && i <  codePointOffset; i++) {
                if (isHighSurrogate(seq.charAt(x++))) {
                    if (x <  length && isLowSurrogate(seq.charAt(x))) {
                        x++;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (i <  codePointOffset) {
                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
            }
        } else {
            int i;
            for (i = codePointOffset; x  > 0 && i <  0; i++) {
                if (isLowSurrogate(seq.charAt(--x))) {
                    if (x  > 0 && isHighSurrogate(seq.charAt(x-1))) {
                        x--;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (i <  0) {
                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
            }
        }
        return x;
}

Returns the index within the given char sequence that is offset from the given index by codePointOffset code points. Unpaired surrogates within the text range given by index and codePointOffset count as one code point each.

 public static int offsetByCodePoints(char[] a,
    int start,
    int count,
    int index,
    int codePointOffset) 
{
        if (count  > a.length-start || start <  0 || count <  0
            || index <  start || index  > start+count) {
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
        }
        return offsetByCodePointsImpl(a, start, count, index, codePointOffset);
}

Returns the index within the given char subarray that is offset from the given index by codePointOffset code points. The start and count arguments specify a subarray of the char array. Unpaired surrogates within the text range given by index and codePointOffset count as one code point each.

 static int offsetByCodePointsImpl(char[] a,
    int start,
    int count,
    int index,
    int codePointOffset) 
{
        int x = index;
        if (codePointOffset  >= 0) {
            int limit = start + count;
            int i;
            for (i = 0; x <  limit && i <  codePointOffset; i++) {
                if (isHighSurrogate(a[x++])) {
                    if (x <  limit && isLowSurrogate(a[x])) {
                        x++;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (i <  codePointOffset) {
                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
            }
        } else {
            int i;
            for (i = codePointOffset; x  > start && i <  0; i++) {
                if (isLowSurrogate(a[--x])) {
                    if (x  > start && isHighSurrogate(a[x-1])) {
                        x--;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (i <  0) {
                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
            }
        }
        return x;
}

 public static char reverseBytes(char ch) 
{
                                               
        return (char) (((ch & 0xFF00)  > > 8) | (ch < <  8));
}

Returns the value obtained by reversing the order of the bytes in the specified char value.

 public static char[] toChars(int codePoint) 
{
        if (codePoint <  0 || codePoint  > MAX_CODE_POINT) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        if (codePoint <  MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT) {
                return new char[] { (char) codePoint };
        }
        char[] result = new char[2];
        toSurrogates(codePoint, result, 0);
        return result;
}

Converts the specified character (Unicode code point) to its UTF-16 representation stored in a char array. If the specified code point is a BMP (Basic Multilingual Plane or Plane 0) value, the resulting char array has the same value as codePoint. If the specified code point is a supplementary code point, the resulting char array has the corresponding surrogate pair.

 public static int toChars(int codePoint,
    char[] dst,
    int dstIndex) 
{
        if (codePoint <  0 || codePoint  > MAX_CODE_POINT) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        if (codePoint <  MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT) {
            dst[dstIndex] = (char) codePoint;
            return 1;
        }
        toSurrogates(codePoint, dst, dstIndex);
        return 2;
}

Converts the specified character (Unicode code point) to its UTF-16 representation. If the specified code point is a BMP (Basic Multilingual Plane or Plane 0) value, the same value is stored in dst[dstIndex], and 1 is returned. If the specified code point is a supplementary character, its surrogate values are stored in dst[dstIndex] (high-surrogate) and dst[dstIndex+1] (low-surrogate), and 2 is returned.

 public static int toCodePoint(char high,
    char low) 
{
        return ((high - MIN_HIGH_SURROGATE) < <  10)
            + (low - MIN_LOW_SURROGATE) + MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT;
}

Converts the specified surrogate pair to its supplementary code point value. This method does not validate the specified surrogate pair. The caller must validate it using isSurrogatePair if necessary.

 public static char toLowerCase(char ch) 
{
        return (char)toLowerCase((int)ch);
}

Converts the character argument to lowercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.

Note that Character.isLowerCase(Character.toLowerCase(ch)) does not always return true for some ranges of characters, particularly those that are symbols or ideographs.

In general, java.lang.String#toLowerCase() should be used to map characters to lowercase. String case mapping methods have several benefits over Character case mapping methods. String case mapping methods can perform locale-sensitive mappings, context-sensitive mappings, and 1:M character mappings, whereas the Character case mapping methods cannot.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #toLowerCase(int) method.

 public static int toLowerCase(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).toLowerCase(codePoint);
}

Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to lowercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.

Note that Character.isLowerCase(Character.toLowerCase(codePoint)) does not always return true for some ranges of characters, particularly those that are symbols or ideographs.

In general, java.lang.String#toLowerCase() should be used to map characters to lowercase. String case mapping methods have several benefits over Character case mapping methods. String case mapping methods can perform locale-sensitive mappings, context-sensitive mappings, and 1:M character mappings, whereas the Character case mapping methods cannot.

 public String toString() 
{
        char buf[] = {value};
        return String.valueOf(buf);
}

Returns a String object representing this Character's value. The result is a string of length 1 whose sole component is the primitive char value represented by this Character object.

 public static String toString(char c) 
{
        return String.valueOf(c);
}

Returns a String object representing the specified char. The result is a string of length 1 consisting solely of the specified char.

 static  void toSurrogates(int codePoint,
    char[] dst,
    int index) 
{
        int offset = codePoint - MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT;
        dst[index+1] = (char)((offset & 0x3ff) + MIN_LOW_SURROGATE);
        dst[index] = (char)((offset  > > > 10) + MIN_HIGH_SURROGATE);
}

 public static char toTitleCase(char ch) 
{
        return (char)toTitleCase((int)ch);
}

Converts the character argument to titlecase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file. If a character has no explicit titlecase mapping and is not itself a titlecase char according to UnicodeData, then the uppercase mapping is returned as an equivalent titlecase mapping. If the char argument is already a titlecase char, the same char value will be returned.

Note that Character.isTitleCase(Character.toTitleCase(ch)) does not always return true for some ranges of characters.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #toTitleCase(int) method.

 public static int toTitleCase(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).toTitleCase(codePoint);
}

Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to titlecase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file. If a character has no explicit titlecase mapping and is not itself a titlecase char according to UnicodeData, then the uppercase mapping is returned as an equivalent titlecase mapping. If the character argument is already a titlecase character, the same character value will be returned.

Note that Character.isTitleCase(Character.toTitleCase(codePoint)) does not always return true for some ranges of characters.

 public static char toUpperCase(char ch) 
{
        return (char)toUpperCase((int)ch);
}

Converts the character argument to uppercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.

Note that Character.isUpperCase(Character.toUpperCase(ch)) does not always return true for some ranges of characters, particularly those that are symbols or ideographs.

In general, java.lang.String#toUpperCase() should be used to map characters to uppercase. String case mapping methods have several benefits over Character case mapping methods. String case mapping methods can perform locale-sensitive mappings, context-sensitive mappings, and 1:M character mappings, whereas the Character case mapping methods cannot.

Note: This method cannot handle supplementary characters. To support all Unicode characters, including supplementary characters, use the #toUpperCase(int) method.

 public static int toUpperCase(int codePoint) 
{
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).toUpperCase(codePoint);
}

Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to uppercase using case mapping information from the UnicodeData file.

Note that Character.isUpperCase(Character.toUpperCase(codePoint)) does not always return true for some ranges of characters, particularly those that are symbols or ideographs.

In general, java.lang.String#toUpperCase() should be used to map characters to uppercase. String case mapping methods have several benefits over Character case mapping methods. String case mapping methods can perform locale-sensitive mappings, context-sensitive mappings, and 1:M character mappings, whereas the Character case mapping methods cannot.

 static char[] toUpperCaseCharArray(int codePoint) 
{
        // As of Unicode 4.0, 1:M uppercasings only happen in the BMP.
        assert isValidCodePoint(codePoint) &&
               !isSupplementaryCodePoint(codePoint);
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).toUpperCaseCharArray(codePoint);
}

Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to uppercase using case mapping information from the SpecialCasing file in the Unicode specification. If a character has no explicit uppercase mapping, then the char itself is returned in the char[].

 static int toUpperCaseEx(int codePoint) 
{
        assert isValidCodePoint(codePoint);
        return CharacterData.of(codePoint).toUpperCaseEx(codePoint);
}

Converts the character (Unicode code point) argument to uppercase using information from the UnicodeData file.

 public static Character valueOf(char c) 
{
         
            for(int i = 0; i <  cache.length; i++)
                cache[i] = new Character((char)i);
        if(c < = 127) { // must cache
            return CharacterCache.cache[(int)c];
        }
        return new Character(c);
}

Returns a Character instance representing the specified char value. If a new Character instance is not required, this method should generally be used in preference to the constructor #Character(char) , as this method is likely to yield significantly better space and time performance by caching frequently requested values.